Books

• Constitutional Law in Context, 4th ed. with annual supplements since 2001 (Carolina Academic Press 2018) (with J. Parker, William Ross, Davison Douglas, Paul Finkelman).
• 2018 Supplement to Constitutional Law in Context (2018) (with James Parker).
• Constitutional Law in Context, 2011 supplement (Carolina Academic Press 2011).
• Constitutional Law in Context (Carolina Academic Press 2011) (with James Parker, Davison Douglas, Paul Finkelman, William Ross).
• Constitutional Law in Context vol. 1 (2010).
• Constitutional Law in Context (Carolina Academic Press 2006) (with James Parker, Davison Douglas, Paul Finkelman).
• Constitutional Law in Context (Carolina Academic Press 2003) (with James Parker, Davison Douglas, Paul Finkelman).
• Free Speech: The People's Darling Privilege: Struggles for Freedom of Expression in American History (Duke University Press 2000).
• The Constitution and the Flag: Vol. 1, The Flag Salute Cases, Vol. 2, Flag Burning (Garland Press 1993).
• No State Shall Abridge: The Fourteenth Amendment and the Bill of Rights (Duke University Press 1986).

Book Chapters

• Lincoln and Executive Power During the Civil War: A Case Study, in Extra Legal Power and Legitimacy 139-165 (Clement Fatovic and Benjamin A. Kleinerman 2013).
• The Alien and Sedition Acts, in 357-366 (Paul Finkelman & Bruce A. Lesh 2008).
• Barron v. Baltimore, in Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court of the United States 131-132 (David S. Tanenhaus 2008).
• Alien and Sedition Acts, in Milestone Documents in American History (2008).
• Saenz v. Roe, in Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court of the United States (2008).
• Incorporation Doctrine, in Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court (2005).
• Fourteenth Amendment, in Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court (2005).
• Democratic Ideas and Media Realities: A Puzzling Free Press Paradox, in Free Speech (Paul, Miller, and Paul, eds. 2004).
• Barron v. Baltimore, in Encyclopedia of Law and Religion 25-27 (Paul Finkelman, ed. 2000).
• Slavery and Civil Liberties, in Encyclopedia of the American Constitution 2424 (2000).
• Incorporation of the Bill of Rights and the Religion Clauses, in Encyclopedia of Law and Religion 236-39 (Paul Finkelman, ed. 2000).
• Incorporation Doctrine and Original Intent, in Encyclopedia of American Constitution 1356 (2000).
• Fourteenth Amendment, Section 5, in Encyclopedia of American Constitution 1087 (2000).
• The Fourteenth Amendment (Enactment), in The Constitution and Its Amendments (1999).
• Albion Tourgee, in American National Biography 769 (1999).
• The 1859 Crisis over Hinton Helper's Book The Impending Crisis: Slavery, Free Speech, and the Meaning of the First Section of the Fourteenth Amendment, in The Law of Slavery (1997).
• Fourteenth Amendment, in The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States (1993).
• The Incorporation Doctrine, in The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States (1993).
• Reading the First Amendment by the Light of the Burning Flag, in The Constitution and the Flag (1993).

Articles

• North Carolina's Sick Democracy: Racial Gerrymanders, Political Gerrymanders, and Voting Rules as Tools for Partisan Entrenchment, draft available on SSRN, forthcoming.
• Using the Voting Rights Act to Discriminate, North Carolina's Use of Racial Gerrymanders: Racial Gerrymanders, Two Racial Quotas, Safe Harbors, Shields, and Inoculations To Undermine Multiracial Coalitions and Black Political Power, 51 Wake Forest Law Review 421.
• Campaign Finance and the Ecology of Democratic Speech, 103 Kentucky Law Journal 529 (2015).
• Race as a Tool in the Struggle for Political Mastery: North Carolina's 'Redemption' Revisited 1870-1905 and 2011-2013, 33 Law & Inequality 53-142 (2015).
• Reflections on Albion Tourgee's 1896 view of the Supreme Court: A "consistent enemy of personal liberty and equal right"?, 5 law review symposium: Albion Tourgee, A Radical Vision of Democracy 19-87 (2013).
• The Fraying Fabric of Freedom, 44 Texas Tech Law Review 89 (2012).
• Review, Undaunted Radical: The Selected Writings of Albion Tourgee, 78 Journal of Southern History 194 (2012).
• Review, Phillip I. Blumberg, Repressive Jurisprudence in the Early American Republic:c: The First Amendment and the Legacy of English Law, 99 Journal of American History 583-584 (2012).
• Review, Pamela Brandwein, Rethinking the Judicial Settlement of Reconstruction., 1 American Journal of Political Thought 161 (2012).
• A Unique Religious Exemption from Anti-discrimination Laws in the Case of Gays? Putting the Call for Exemptions For Those Who Discriminate Against Married or Marrying Gays In Context, Wake Forest Law Review.
• Citizens United, Davis v. FEC, and Arizona Free Enterprise in Context: Lochner on Steroids and Democracy on Life Support (34,917 words) [July, 2011 draft], (2011).
• Constitutional Law of Speech and Press: Politics, Rhetoric, and Dialogue, 103 Eloquence and Reason: Creating a First Amendment Culture 1863-1896 (2010).
• The Klan, The Congress, and the Court: Congressional Enforcement of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments & the State Action Syllogism, a brief Historical Overview, 11 University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law 1381 (2009).
• The Bill of Rights and the States Revisited After Heller, 60 Hastings Law Journal Symposium on The 2nd Amendment After Heller 1445-1490 (2009).
• Be Careful What You Wish For: Gays, Dueling High School T-Shirts, and Perils of Suppression, 44 Wake Forest Law Review 431 (2009).
• The Bill of Rights and the States: An Overview From One Perspective, 18 Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues 3 (2009).
• Review Essay: Constitutional Law of Speech and Press: Politics, Dialogue, and Rhetoric, an extended review of Robert Tsai, Eloquence and Reason: Creating A First Amendment Culture, 103 Northwestern University Law Review 1863 (2009).
• The Fourteenth Amendment: Recalling What the Court Forgot, 56 Drake Law Review 911 (2008).
• Transforming Teenagers Into Oral Sex Felons, 43 Wake Forest Law Review 155 (2008).
• Review of Victory of Law: The Fourteenth Amendment, the Civil War, and American Literature, 1852-1867, by Deak Nabers, Civil War Book Review (2007).
• Lincoln, The Constitution of Necessity, and the Necessity of Constitutions: A Reply to Professor Paulsen, 59 Maine Law Review 1 (2007).
• St. George Tucker and the Legacy of Slavery, 47 William and Mary Law Review 1157 (2006).
• Review of Slaughterhouse Cases: Regulation, Reconstruction, and the Fourteenth Amendment, by Ronald M. Labbe and Jonathan Lurie (2003), 37 Journal of Interdisciplinary History 143 (2006).
• Review of Perilous Times: Free Speech in Wartime, by Geoffrey Stone, 21 Constitutional Commentary 757 (2004).
• Democratic Ideals and Media Realities: A Puzzling Free Press Paradox, 21 Social Philosophy and Policy 385 (2004).
• Review of The Free and Open Press: The Founding of American Democratic Press Liberty (1640-1800), by Robert Martin, 46 American Journal of Legal History 1087 (2004).
• "The Court and the Empire," A review of The Imperial Republic by James G. Wilson, 20 Constitutional Commentary 163 (2003).
• John A. Bingham and the Story of American Liberty, 36 Akron Law Review 617 (2003).
• Judicial Review and Populism, 38 Wake Forest Law Review 313 (2003).
• Review of Marbury v. Madison: The Origins of Judicial Review, by William Nelson, 5 The Green Bag 329 (2002).
• Historical Linguistics, Inkblots, and Life After Death: The Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, 78 North Carolina Law Review 1071 (2000).
• Teaching Free Speech from an Incomplete Fossil Record, 34 Akron Law Review 231 (2000).
• Review of We the People: Transformations, by Bruce Ackerman, 42 American Journal of Legal History 417 (1998).
• Two Textual Adventures, 66 George Washington Law Review 1269 (1998).
• Lincoln, Vallandigham, and Anti-War Speech in the Civil War, 7 William and Mary Bill of Rights Journal 105 (1998).
• The 1837 Killing of Elijah Lovejoy by an Anti-Abolition Mob: Free Speech, Mobs, Republican Government, and the Privileges of American Citizens, 44 University of California at Los Angeles Law Review 1109 (1997).
• Resurrecting the Privileges or Immunities Clause and Revising the Slaughter-House Cases Without Exhuming Lochner: Individual Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment, 38 Boston College Law Review (1996).
• Remembering Albion Tourgee on the 100th Anniversary of Plessy v. Ferguson, 13 Constitutional Commentary 187 (1996).
• Free Speech and Its Discontents: The Rebellion against General Propositions and the Danger of Discretion, 31 Wake Forest Law Review 419 (1996).
• The Critics of Free Speech and the Uses of the Past, 12 Constitutional Commentary 29 (1995).
• The Curious History of Attempts to Suppress Anti-slavery Speech, Press, and Petition in 1835-1837, 89 Northwestern University Law Review 785 (1995).
• Monkey Trials: Science Defamation, and the Suppression of Dissent, 4 William and Mary Bill of Rights Journal 507 (1995).
• Review of The Constitution, Law, and American Life: Critical Aspects of the Nineteenth Century Experience, 11 Constitutional Commentary 425 (1994).
• The 1859 Crisis over Hinton Helper's Book The Impending Crisis: Slavery, Free Speech, and the Meaning of the First Section of the Fourteenth Amendment, 68 Chicago Kent Law Review 1113 (1993).
• In Pursuit of Liberty: The Levellers and the American Bill of Rights, 8 Constitutional Commentary 359 (1991).
• Review of The Fourteenth Amendment: From Political Principle to Judicial Doctrine, by William Nelson, 26 Willamette Law Review 3 (1990).
• Review of Corporate Crime and Violence, by Russell Mokihber, 25 Willamette Law Review 733-38 (1989).
• Privileges or Immunities, Individual Rights and Federalism, 12 Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 53 (1989).
• Review of The Politics of Judicial Interpretation: Courts, the Department of Justice, and Civil Rights, 1866-76, 56 University of Cincinnati Law Review 551 (1987).
• Conceived in Liberty: The Fourteenth Amendment and The Bill of Rights, 65 North Carolina Law Review 889 (1987).
• The End of Obscenity (Book Review), 1 New Law Books Review 84 (1986).
• Obscenity: The Justices' (Not So) New Robes, 8 Campbell Law Review 387 (1986).
• Still Further Adventures of the Nine Lived Cat: A Rebuttal to Raoul Berger's Reply on Application of the Bill of Rights to the States, 62 North Carolina Law Review 517 (1984).
• Judge Hand's History: An Analysis of History and Method in Jaffree v. Board of School Commissioners, 86 West Virginia Law Review 109 (1983).
• The Fourteenth Amendment and The Bill of Rights, 14 Connecticut Law Review 237 (1982).
• Further Adventures of the Nine Lived Cat: A Response to Mr Berger on Incorporation of the Bill of Rights, 43 Ohio State Law Journal 89 (1982).
• The Bill of Rights as a Limitation on State Authority: A Reply to Professor Berger, 16 Wake Forest Law Review 45 (1980).
• Ads on Buses, 46 North Carolina Law Review 900 (1968).

Other

• The Anti-Edmunds ad and the N.C. Racial Gerrymanders, Greensboro News-Record (November 7, 2016).
• A TV Ad, Racial Gerrymanders and Racial Quotas, Huffington Post (November 7, 2016).
• A Welcome Defeat for the North Carolina Legislature's Effort to Hobble Black Voting, Huffington Post (August 2, 2016).
• Free Speech Matters, Huffington Post (August 20, 2015).
• Our Debt to the Abolitionists, Huffington Post (February 20, 2015).
• Justice Rousseau A. Burch, Yale Biographical Dictionary of American Law (June 2009).